Ways and methods to improve the performance of construction machinery forgings

Construction machinery forging is an important part of construction machinery, and its performance directly affects the performance and service life of the whole construction machinery. Therefore, improving the performance of construction machinery forgings is an important means to improve the overall performance of construction machinery. This paper will discuss the ways and methods to improve the performance of construction machinery forgings from the aspects of material selection, forging process, heat treatment and surface treatment.

First, material selection

Material is an important factor to determine the performance of forging, and different materials have different mechanical properties and processing characteristics. When selecting materials, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as service conditions, size, shape, production cost and processing technology of forgings. According to different application scenarios and requirements, the selection of appropriate materials can significantly improve the performance of forging. For example, for high-strength, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant forgings, you can choose high-strength stainless steel, alloy steel, aluminum alloy and other materials; For forgings with large cross-section and high fatigue resistance, low alloy steel or high strength aluminum alloy with excellent toughness can be selected.

Two, forging process

Forging process is one of the key links in the manufacture of construction machinery forgings, which has an important influence on the performance of forgings. Through reasonable forging process arrangement, the process of work hardening, grain refinement and composition homogenization of metal materials can be optimized, so as to improve the performance of forging parts. For example, high deformation resistance and finer grain structure can be obtained by using high temperature die forging process, thus improving the strength and toughness of forgings. The isothermal forging process can reduce deformation resistance, improve plasticity and toughness, and avoid coarse grains and precipitation segregation. Powder forging process can obtain uniform composition, no segregation microstructure, and eliminate the traditional cutting process, improve production efficiency and reduce costs.

Third, heat treatment

Heat treatment is another important means to improve the performance of construction machinery forgings. Through the appropriate heat treatment process, the microstructure of metal materials can be changed to improve its mechanical properties, so as to meet the requirements of use. For example, the use of quenching and tempering heat treatment processes can significantly improve the hardness and strength of metal materials, while enhancing its wear resistance and fatigue resistance; Aging treatment can further refine the microstructure and improve the comprehensive properties of metal materials.

Fourth, surface treatment

Surface treatment can significantly improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of construction machinery forgings, thereby improving their service life. Common surface treatment methods include:

Surface hardening treatment: By using chemical heat treatment, ion implantation, laser hardening and other technologies, a hardened layer is formed on the surface of the forging to improve its wear resistance and fatigue resistance.

Surface coating treatment: Through the use of electroplating, spraying, thermal spraying and other technologies, a coating with high hardness and high wear resistance is formed on the surface of the forging, so as to improve its corrosion resistance and wear resistance.

Surface nano modification treatment: Through the use of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, ion beam enhanced deposition and other technologies, a layer of nano hardening film is formed on the surface of the forging, thus significantly improving its hardness, wear resistance and fatigue resistance.

To improve the performance of construction machinery forgings, the selection of materials, forging process, heat treatment and surface treatment should be considered comprehensively. Through reasonable material selection and process arrangement, combined with appropriate heat treatment and surface treatment methods, the mechanical properties and service life of construction machinery forgings can be significantly improved, so as to enhance the performance and competitiveness of the entire construction machinery.